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Matrix / Netherlands

🇳🇱 Netherlands

Mature crypto hub with high-volume CASP authorisation and one of the largest active CASP populations in the EEA, but disputed headline counts.

Crypto (CASP) E-Money (EMI)
Last verified 2026-07-02 Next review 2026-07-16

Data verified: oldest cell 1 day ago (verified 2026-07-02). Individual cells show their own verification date below.

Licence type

Electronic Money Institution licence under the Dutch Financial Supervision Act (Wet op het financieel toezicht - Wft), implementing EMD2; an exempted/excepted EMI status also exists for smaller issuers who do not need a full DNB licence

Verified 2026-07-02 Source: De Nederlandsche Bank: https://www.dnb.nl/en/sector-information/open-book-supervision/open-book-supervision-sectors/electronic-money-institutions/authorisation-as-an-electronic-money-institution-overview/what-is-an-electronic-money-institution/

Regulator

De Nederlandsche Bank (DNB), acting as prudential supervisor under the Wft (with AFM as conduct supervisor)

Verified 2026-07-02 Source: De Nederlandsche Bank: https://www.dnb.nl/en/sector-information/open-book-supervision/open-book-supervision-sectors/electronic-money-institutions/authorisation-as-an-electronic-money-institution-overview/

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Recent changes

EU-wide PSD3/PSR: agreement reached Nov 2025, texts published April 2026, repealing EMD2 and merging EMIs into the payment institution category ('payment institutions authorised to issue e-money'). Dutch Wft/DNB framework will need corresponding amendment during the transposition window, with existing Dutch EMD2 licences remaining valid on a transitional basis (up to 24-30 months).

Verified 2026-07-02 Source: Norton Rose Fulbright: https://www.nortonrosefulbright.com/en/knowledge/publications/cedd39c6/psd3-and-psr-from-provisional-agreement-to-2026-readiness

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Informational only, not legal advice. Entries marked as placeholder or awaiting verification must not be relied on. Confirm all requirements with Netherlands's regulator and qualified local counsel before acting.