🇮🇪 Ireland vs 🇪🇸 Spain: e-money licensing compared
On paper, Ireland's E-Money Institution or Small E-Money Institution under the European Communities (Electronic Money) Regulations 2011. and Spain's Entidad de Dinero Electronico (EDE), authorised under Ley 21/2011, de 26 de julio, de dinero electronico, and Real Decreto 778/2012 (as amended by Real Decreto 736/2019). Spain recognises 'entidades de dinero electronico hibridas' (hybrid EMIs) and an exemption/light regime under art. 14 of Real Decreto-ley 19/2018 for small-scale e-money issuers below activity thresholds, analogous to a 'small EMI' tier. answer the same question; in practice the detail decides it. The two regimes differ on 9 of 10 tracked decision dimensions, including timeline to authorisation and local substance. This page compares the two side by side: the identity columns are free, the decision figures are one pass away, and every cell shows when it was last checked.
Ireland: verified 2026-07-03 · Spain: verified 2026-07-03
| Dimension |
🇮🇪 Ireland
partly open
Verified 2026-07-03
|
🇪🇸 Spain
partly open
Verified 2026-07-03
|
|---|---|---|
| Licence type | E-Money Institution or Small E-Money Institution under the European Communities (Electronic Money) Regulations 2011. | Entidad de Dinero Electronico (EDE), authorised under Ley 21/2011, de 26 de julio, de dinero electronico, and Real Decreto 778/2012 (as amended by Real Decreto 736/2019). Spain recognises 'entidades de dinero electronico hibridas' (hybrid EMIs) and an exemption/light regime under art. 14 of Real Decreto-ley 19/2018 for small-scale e-money issuers below activity thresholds, analogous to a 'small EMI' tier. |
| Regulator | Central Bank of Ireland (CBI). | Banco de Espana (Bank of Spain) |
| Capital requirement | Ireland capital requirement is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. | Spain capital requirement is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. |
| Timeline to authorisation | Ireland timeline to authorisation is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. | Spain timeline to authorisation is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. |
| Local substance | Ireland local substance is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. | Spain local substance is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. |
| Application cost | Ireland application cost is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. | Spain application cost is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. |
| Ongoing cost | Ireland ongoing cost is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. | Spain ongoing cost is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. |
| Passporting | Ireland passporting is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. | Spain passporting is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. |
| EMIs authorised | Ireland emis authorised is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. | Spain emis authorised is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. |
| Key restrictions | Ireland key restrictions is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. | Spain key restrictions is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. |
| Safeguarding | Ireland safeguarding is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. | Spain safeguarding is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. |
| Recent changes | PSD3 and PSR merge the payment institution and EMI regimes into one payment institution licence that can issue e-money. Final texts published 23 Apr 2026, OJ expected mid to late 2026, PSR applies about 20 days after publication, PSD3 transposition within 18 months (applicability ~Q2/Q3 2028). Existing EMIs are grandfathered but must update their file. | PSD3/PSR final texts published 23 April 2026, undergoing legal-linguistic review, OJ publication expected June/July 2026 (risk of slipping to September). Analysis flags that Spain's separate payment-institution and e-money statutes (despite an integrated supervisor) will likely require a more structural legislative overhaul than in peer states to merge into PSD3/PSR's single rulebook. |
| Difficulty rating | Ireland difficulty rating is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. | Spain difficulty rating is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. |
The two regimes differ on 9 of 10 tracked decision dimensions, including timeline to authorisation and local substance. Unlock the pass to see each figure with its source and verification date.
What changed recently
🇮🇪 Ireland (verified 2026-07-03): PSD3 and PSR merge the payment institution and EMI regimes into one payment institution licence that can issue e-money. Final texts published 23 Apr 2026, OJ expected mid to late 2026, PSR applies about 20 days after publication, PSD3 transposition within 18 months (applicability ~Q2/Q3 2028). Existing EMIs are grandfathered but must update their file.
🇪🇸 Spain (verified 2026-07-03): PSD3/PSR final texts published 23 April 2026, undergoing legal-linguistic review, OJ publication expected June/July 2026 (risk of slipping to September). Analysis flags that Spain's separate payment-institution and e-money statutes (despite an integrated supervisor) will likely require a more structural legislative overhaul than in peer states to merge into PSD3/PSR's single rulebook.
Quick answers
Who regulates e-money licensing in Ireland and Spain?
Ireland: Central Bank of Ireland (CBI).. Spain: Banco de Espana (Bank of Spain).
What licence do you need in Ireland compared with Spain?
In Ireland the authorisation route is E-Money Institution or Small E-Money Institution under the European Communities (Electronic Money) Regulations 2011.; in Spain it is Entidad de Dinero Electronico (EDE), authorised under Ley 21/2011, de 26 de julio, de dinero electronico, and Real Decreto 778/2012 (as amended by Real Decreto 736/2019). Spain recognises 'entidades de dinero electronico hibridas' (hybrid EMIs) and an exemption/light regime under art. 14 of Real Decreto-ley 19/2018 for small-scale e-money issuers below activity thresholds, analogous to a 'small EMI' tier.. The comparison table on this page lines the two up dimension by dimension.
Where can I see the full Ireland vs Spain comparison?
The interactive benchmark lets you pin either jurisdiction and add up to five peers; a Founder Pass or Pro subscription unlocks every gated figure with its source and verification date. This page stays free at /e-money/compare/ireland-vs-spain.
Informational only, not legal advice. Every open figure carries its own verification date; verify with qualified counsel before acting.