🇧🇪 Belgium

MiCA CASP authorisation under Article 63 MiCA, given domestic legal effect by the Belgian Act of 11 December 2025 (published in the Belgian Official Gazette 24 December 2025, entered into force 3 January 2026). Before this Act, MiCA was directly applicable EU law but Belgium lacked a domestic supervisory/sanctioning framework, creating a practical gap.

Verified 5 weeks agoSource: ICT Legal Guide: https://www.ictrechtswijzer.be/en/crypto-assets-in-belgium-an-analysis-of-the-law-of-december-11-2025-and-the-implementation-of-mica/

FSMA (Financial Services and Markets Authority) is the competent authority for CASPs that are not credit institutions or stockbroking firms, this covers the great majority of pure-play exchanges and custodians and includes both prudential and conduct-of-business supervision under Article 63. The National Bank of Belgium (NBB) takes the prudential lead where the CASP is (or is part of) a credit institution.

Verified 5 weeks agoSource: DLA Piper: https://www.dlapiper.com/en/insights/publications/2025/10/implementing-mica-in-belgium

The Act of 11 December 2025 (Belgium's MiCA implementing law) was the single biggest development: it was published 24 December 2025 and entered into force 3 January 2026, only then giving FSMA/NBB a full domestic legal basis for authorisation, supervision and sanctions. Before that date Belgium had a live enforcement gap despite MiCA being EU law since December 2024. As of last check, 0 CASPs were authorised in Belgium, consistent with the regime being newly operative. As of 3 Jul 2026 the FSMA's own list of authorised Belgian CASPs still records zero authorisations. On 3 Jul 2026 the FSMA also adopted ESMA's guidelines (FSMA_2026_16) on when a non-EU firm is treated as soliciting EU clients, relevant to enforcement against unauthorised third-country platforms. The FSMA's list now separately signposts ESMA's register for CASPs supervised by the National Bank of Belgium; that register records KBC Bank NV as Belgium's first such entry (updated 13 May 2026).

Verified 16 days agoSource: FSMA list of authorised Belgian CASPs: https://www.fsma.be/en/list/authorised-belgian-crypto-asset-service-providers ; Aeacus: https://www.aeacus.be/en/post/mica-becomes-enforceable-in-belgium-the-implementing-act-as-a-legal-turning-point-for-crypto-activi