The Netherlands grants MiCA CASP authorisation through the Autoriteit Financiele Markten as lead conduct regulator and licensing authority, with De Nederlandsche Bank providing prudential and anti money laundering input and co-assessing fitness and propriety. The national transitional regime for pre-registered firms ended on 1 July 2026; from that date only MiCA-authorised or passported CASPs may serve Dutch clients.
The country became one of the highest-volume MiCA jurisdictions through the first half of 2026 as that deadline approached. Notable authorisations include Bitvavo, Amdax, MoonPay, Finst and Fiat Republic, with Banxa authorised in October 2025. The exact headline count is disputed between trackers, and the data card shows both figures with the reasoning for which is treated as more current.
Capital follows the MiCA tiers directly, scaling by class, with no confirmed Dutch top-up; own funds must also meet a quarter of the prior year's fixed overheads where that is higher. Application costs are unusual in form: the AFM bills by the hour, capped for a full licence application and at a lower ceiling for notifications by existing MiFID, payment or e-money firms, with separate per-person fitness and propriety assessments. Annual supervisory fees apply after authorisation. This is one of the faster MiCA authorisations for a well-prepared file, though preparation and the fitness reviews add time.
Substance follows MiCA with a Dutch accent: registered office and head office in the Netherlands, at least one director resident locally or in the EEA, compliance and AML functions present in-country and restricted outsourcing of core functions. Full MiCA conduct, governance, client-asset safeguarding, conflicts and market-abuse rules apply, with DNB's Wwft supervision running in parallel. The authorisation passports across the EEA.