Pin and benchmark
Pin the jurisdiction you are leaning towards, then line up to 5 rivals against it. Every unlocked figure shows where a peer beats it or loses to it on capital, timeline, cost and difficulty, so one screen tells you whether your first choice actually holds up.
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| Dimension |
Pinned 🇦🇹 Austria partly open Verified 2026-07-03
|
🇳🇱 Netherlands
partly open
Verified 2026-07-03
|
|---|---|---|
| Licence type | E-money institution licence (Konzession) under the E-Geldgesetz 2010 (E-Money Act 2010), Austria's EMD2 transposition; credit institutions licensed under the Banking Act (BWG) may also issue e-money without a separate EMI licence | Electronic Money Institution licence under the Dutch Financial Supervision Act (Wet op het financieel toezicht - Wft), implementing EMD2; an exempted/excepted EMI status also exists for smaller issuers who do not need a full DNB licence |
| Regulator | Financial Market Authority Austria (Finanzmarktaufsicht, FMA) | De Nederlandsche Bank (DNB), acting as prudential supervisor under the Wft (with AFM as conduct supervisor) |
| Capital requirement | Austria capital requirement is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. | Netherlands capital requirement is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. |
| Timeline to authorisation | Austria timeline to authorisation is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. | Netherlands timeline to authorisation is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. |
| Local substance | Austria local substance is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. | Netherlands local substance is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. |
| Application cost | Austria application cost is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. | Netherlands application cost is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. |
| Ongoing cost | Austria ongoing cost is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. | Netherlands ongoing cost is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. |
| Passporting | Austria passporting is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. | Netherlands passporting is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. |
| EMIs authorised | Austria emis authorised is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. | Netherlands emis authorised is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. |
| Key restrictions | Austria key restrictions is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. | Netherlands key restrictions is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. |
| Safeguarding | Austria safeguarding is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. | Netherlands safeguarding is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. |
| Recent changes | PSD3 and the PSR will merge the payment institution and EMI regimes into one licence that can issue e-money. Final texts published 23 April 2026, applicability targeted around 2028; existing EMIs are grandfathered but must update their file. | EU-wide PSD3/PSR: agreement reached Nov 2025, texts published April 2026, repealing EMD2 and merging EMIs into the payment institution category ('payment institutions authorised to issue e-money'). Dutch Wft/DNB framework will need corresponding amendment during the transposition window, with existing Dutch EMD2 licences remaining valid on a transitional basis (up to 24-30 months). |
| Difficulty rating | Austria difficulty rating is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. | Netherlands difficulty rating is locked. Unlock with the £349 pass. |
Informational only, not legal advice. A delta compares the sortable figure only (capital, timeline, cost, difficulty, passporting, approvals); it is not a judgement on overall suitability. Verify with qualified counsel before acting.